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Palestine Liberation Organization

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Palestine Liberation Organization
منظمة التحرير الفلسطينية
audio speaker iconMunaẓẓamat at-Taḥrīr al-Filasṭīniyyah (help·info)
AbbreviationPLO
ChairmanMahmoud Abbas
Founded28 May 1964[1]
HeadquartersAl-Bireh, West Bank[2][3]
Ideology
Political positionLeft-wing
International affiliationUnited Nations non-member observer
Members
AnthemFida'i[12]
Palestinian Legislative Council
50 / 132
Party flag
Website
http://www.plo.ps/en

The Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) is a political group that advocates for the creation of a state for the Palestinian people. The group was created in 1964. It represents Palestinians in diplomatic relations to other countries.[13][14] It has held observer status at the United Nations since 1974.[15] Since the First Intifada, it has ran the Palestinian National Authority (PNA).[a]

Founded as a result of the oppression of the colonial state of Israel against palestinians, the PLO defended themselves by trying to liberate the Palestinian territories. It was initially founded by Ahmad Shukeiri in 1964, but thrived under the leadership of Yasser Arafat from 1969 to 2004. Under Arafat, Fatah became the largest faction of the PLO. The group became involved in Black September, the Lebanese Civil War, the First Intifada, and the Second Intifada during the Arafat years. After the First Intifada, the PLO and Israel signed the Oslo Accords, creating the PNA and transitioning the PLO into a political party. Arafat died during the Second Intifada, causing Mahmoud Abbas to become the current leader.

Since the Second Intifada, Fatah has maintained control over the PLO and the group has largely avoided violent combat. The Israel Defense Forces (IDF) sometimes clash with the PLO during incursions into the West Bank, although no official war has been declared. The Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP) and the Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine (DFLP), minor factions of the PLO, went to war with Israel in 2023, but it does not represent the majority consensus of the group.

Notes

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  1. ↑ Since 2006, the PLO's leadership of the Palestinian National Authority has been partially disputed by Hamas.

References

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  1. ↑ "Arabs Create Organization For Recovery of Palestine". The New York Times. Reuters. 29 May 1964. The creation of Palestine liberation organization was announced today...
  2. ↑ Sawafta, Ali (30 November 2010). "In West Bank, Ramallah looks ever more like capital". Reuters.
  3. ↑ Toameh, Khaled Abu (24 November 2010). "Abbas: Referendum law is 'obstacle to peace'". Jerusalem Post. Retrieved 27 October 2023.
  4. ↑ Szekely, Ora (26 November 2016). The Politics of Militant Group Survival in the Middle East: Resources, Relationships, and Resistance. Springer. p. 51. ISBN 978-3-319-40141-6.
  5. ↑ Spyer, Jonathan (1 January 2011). The Transforming Fire: The Rise of the Israel-Islamist Conflict. A&C Black. p. 23. ISBN 978-1-4411-6663-0.
  6. ↑ "Quién fue Yasser Arafat?". 17 March 2019.
  7. ↑ Grafton, David D. (16 March 2009). Piety, Politics, and Power: Lutherans Encountering Islam in the Middle East. Wipf and Stock Publishers. p. 222. ISBN 978-1-63087-718-7.
  8. ↑ "Rewriting history, Abbas calls Israel a 'colonial project' unrelated to Judaism". The Times of Israel.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 "Jailed PFLP Leader: Only a One-state Solution Is Possible". Haaretz. Retrieved 8 November 2023.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Rubenberg, Cheryl (2003). The Palestinians: In Search of a Just Peace. Lynne Rienner Publishers. p. 41. ISBN 978-1-58826-225-7.
  11. ↑ "fasael - منظمة التحرير الفلسطينية". Palestine Liberation Organization (in Arabic). Retrieved 29 August 2024.
  12. ↑ "Palestine". National Anthems.
  13. ↑ United Nations General Assembly Resolution 3236. "Having heard the statement of the Palestine Liberation Organization, the representative of the Palestinian people, …"
  14. ↑ Kim Murphy. "Israel and PLO, in Historic Bid for Peace, Agree to Mutual Recognition," Los Angeles Times, 10 September 1993.
  15. ↑ United Nations General Assembly Resolution 3210. "Invites the Palestine Liberation Organization, the representative of the Palestinian people, to participate in the deliberations of the General Assembly on the question of Palestine in plenary meetings."
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