Acanthuridae

Surgeonfish; Temporal range: Eocene to Recent
	Sohal surgeonfish, Acanthurus sohal. The orange mark on the tail peduncle shows where the spine is folded in.
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Order:	Acanthuriformes
Family:	Acanthuridae; Bonaparte, 1832
Genera
	Acanthurus; Ctenochaetus; Naso; Paracanthurus; Prionurus; Zebrasoma;

Acanthuridae is the family of surgeonfish, tangs, and unicornfish.

The family includes about 86 living species. It is made up of marine fish living in tropical seas, usually around coral reefs. Many of the species are brightly colored and popular for aquaria.

One of the characteristics of this family is that they have spines on the tail (also known as "thorn tail").^[2]

Morphology

Surgeonfish have dangerously sharp spines and can slash a person, causing serious injury. Most species of the family are of small size, between 15-40 cm (6-15 in), but the genera Prionorus or Naso can be larger. The whitemargin unicornfish is the largest species in the family.

Classification

Subfamily Nasinae Fowler & Bean, 1929
- Genus Naso Lacépède, 1801
Subfamily Acanthurinae Bonaparte, 1835
- Tribe Acanthurini Bonaparte, 1839
  - Genus Acanthurus Forsskål 1775
  - Genus Ctenochaetus Gill, 1884
- Tribe Prionurini J. L. B. Smith, 1966
  - Genus Prionurus Lacépède, 1804
- Tribe Zebrasomini Winterbottom, 1993
  - Genus Paracanthurus Bleeker, 1863
  - Genus Zebrasoma Swainson, 1839

Extinct genera

Acanthuridae includes several extinct genera:

Eocene genera

Proacanthurus
Tylerichthys
Gazolaichthys
Naseus
Tauichthys
Eorandallius
Metacanthurus

Oligocene genera

Glarithurus
Caprovesposus
Arambourgthurus
Eonaso

Miocene genera

Marosichthys

In the aquarium

Tangs are very sensitive to disease in the home aquarium. It is necessary to quarantine the fishes before introducing them to the aquarium.

References

↑ "Institute for Biodiversity Science & Sustainability | California Academy of Sciences". Research.calacademy.org. July 27, 2014. Archived from the original on October 10, 2014. Retrieved October 29, 2016.
↑ Froese, R.; Pauly, D. (February 2022). "FAMILY Details for Acanthuridae - Surgeonfishes, tangs, unicornfishes". www.fishbase.se. Archived from the original on July 12, 2022. Retrieved July 12, 2022.

Other websites

Data related to Acanthuridae at Wikidata

[1] "Institute for Biodiversity Science & Sustainability | California Academy of Sciences". Research.calacademy.org. July 27, 2014. Archived from the original on October 10, 2014. Retrieved October 29, 2016.

[2] Froese, R.; Pauly, D. (February 2022). "FAMILY Details for Acanthuridae - Surgeonfishes, tangs, unicornfishes". www.fishbase.se. Archived from the original on July 12, 2022. Retrieved July 12, 2022.

[1]

[2]