Jump to content

Clostridia

From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Clostridia
Clostridium botulinum
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Bacteria
Phylum: Firmicutes
Class: Clostridia
Rainey 2010
Orders

The Clostridia are a class of Firmicutes, including Clostridium and other similar genera.

The Clostridia are obligate anaerobes. They lack aerobic respiration, and oxygen is toxic to them. Species of the genus Clostridium are all Gram-positive and can form spores.

Studies show they are not a monophyletic group. In fact, they are highly polyphyletic. Their relationships are not certain. Most are put in the Clostridiales, but is not a natural group. It is likely to be redefined in the future.[1][2]

Most species of the genus Clostridium are saprophytic organisms found in many places, most notably the soil. However, the genus does contain some human pathogens. The toxins produced by some members of the Clostridium genus are among the most dangerous known. Examples are tetanus toxin (known as tetanospasmin) produced by C. tetani and botulinum toxin produced by C. botulinum.

Notable species of this class include:

Heliobacteria are also members of the class Clostridia.

References

[change | change source]
  1. Sayers; et al. "Clostridia". National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) taxonomy database. Retrieved 2011-06-05.
  2. All-Species Living Tree Project."16S rRNA-based LTP release 106 (full tree)" (PDF). Silva Comprehensive Ribosomal RNA Database. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-05-07. Retrieved 2011-11-17.