Gila topminnow

Gila topminnow
Conservation status
	; Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Order:	Cyprinodontiformes
Family:	Poeciliidae
Genus:	Poeciliopsis
Species:	P. occidentalis
Binomial name
	Poeciliopsis occidentalis;

The Gila topminnow or charalito (Poeciliopsis occidentalis) is a fish in the family Poeciliidae. It lives in North America and Mexico.^[2]

Home

This fish lives in the southern United States and northern Mexico. It lives as far south as the Gila River.

Threats

The mosquitofish killed so many Gila topminnows that the Gila topminnow became endangered. People put it on the Endangered Species List in 1973. Since then, human beings brought the fish to many new places where it could live.^[1]

This fish is still in some danger because human beings change the places where it lives, because invasive species kill it or eat all the food, and because human beings have changed the water table.^[1] When human beings take water from wells for farming and other things, the water sinks lower down in the earth. This can make streams and ponds dry up.

Because this fish now lives in so many places, it is officially not endangered any more. However, scientists are still studying it.^[1]

Size

This fish looks like a guppy, but it has no spots on its fins. It is about 2.5 to 5 cm in size. Male fish are black with yellow fins. This fish lives about 1 year.^[2]

Subspecies

There are two subspecies:^[2]

The Gila topminnow (P. occidentalis occidentalis), which lives in the Gila River basin.
The Yaqui topminnow (P. occidentalis sonoriensis), which lives in the Rio Yaqui.

Food

This fish eats many different kinds of things: dead things, plants, insect larvae, and crustaceans. Sometimes they eat their own babies.^[2]

Young

Topminnows keep their eggs inside their bodies until they hatch. There are 1-20 eggs in each brood. Sometimes the mother fish carries two broods at a time. The eggs take 24-28 days to hatch. Young fish hide from the adults so the adults won't eat them.^[2]

Threats

It is endangered because people brought other fish to the places where it lives. The mosquitofish is the most important of these animals.^[2] It is also endangered because human beings take water out of their streams and ponds.^[3]

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 Matamoros, W.A. (2020). "Gila topminnow: Poeciliopsis occidentalis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T15350832A176961098. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T15350832A176961098.en. Retrieved December 14, 2021.
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 ^2.4 ^2.5 Environmental Conservation Online System. "Gila topminnow (incl. Yaqui) (Poeciliopsis occidentalis)". U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Retrieved December 15, 2021.
↑ Nico, L.G.; Fuller, P.; Jacobs, G.; Cannister, M.; Larson, J.; Fusaro, A.; Makled, T.H.; Neilson, M.E. (January 25, 2016). "Gambusia affinis (Baird and Girard, 1853): U.S. Geological Survey, Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Database". Gainesville, FL: United States Geological Survey. Retrieved June 28, 2020.

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[IUCN-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 Matamoros, W.A. (2020). "Gila topminnow: Poeciliopsis occidentalis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T15350832A176961098. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T15350832A176961098.en. Retrieved December 14, 2021.

[USFW-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 ^2.4 ^2.5 Environmental Conservation Online System. "Gila topminnow (incl. Yaqui) (Poeciliopsis occidentalis)". U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Retrieved December 15, 2021.

[USGSMosq-3] Nico, L.G.; Fuller, P.; Jacobs, G.; Cannister, M.; Larson, J.; Fusaro, A.; Makled, T.H.; Neilson, M.E. (January 25, 2016). "Gambusia affinis (Baird and Girard, 1853): U.S. Geological Survey, Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Database". Gainesville, FL: United States Geological Survey. Retrieved June 28, 2020.

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