Majhraut (Ahir)
The Majhraut[1] or Majraut[2] is a clan of Ahirs that inhabits the Indian state of Bihar and Jharkhand.[3][4][5][6] They are believed to be descended from the Yadav king Madhu who ruled Mathura.[source?]
Majhraut Ahir | |
---|---|
Religions | Hinduism |
Languages | Angika, Bajjika, Bhojpuri, Maithili, Magadhi |
Country | India, Nepal |
Original state | Bihar |
Populated states | Bihar & Jharkhand |
Region | East India |
Ethnicity | Ahir |
Related groups | Krishnaut, Dhadhor |
Like Krishnaut even Majhraut Ahirs never sold either milk, ghee or butter and have, to a large extent, were cultivators.[7][8] Some of them were landlords of large estates.
Origin and History[change | change source]
The Yadavs who migrated from Mathura (Braj) to Bihar and its surrounding areas came to be known as Mathraut or Majrauth.[9]
List of Rulers and Chieftain[change | change source]
In Bihar and Jharkhand there were many rulers and zamindars belonging to Ahir (Yadav) caste.[10] During British Raj, the Ahir zamindars were predominantly found in northern and eastern parts of Bihar. Most of them belonged to Krishnaut and Majhraut clans of Ahir[11][12]
- Rulers of Yadava-Varman Dynasty.[13][14]
- Ahir Chieftain of Murho Estate.[15][16]
- Zamindar of Ranipatti Estate.[17]
- Landlords of Khurda Karveli.[18]
- Landlords of Gosaidaspur Estate, Bhagalpur.[source?]
- Zamindar of Pipra Estate.[19]
- Zamindar of Shaligrami.[source?]
- Zamindars of Adharpur, Samastipur.[source?]
Distribution and Title[change | change source]
Distribution[change | change source]
Majhrauts are found all over Bihar but numerically they exceed other sub-caste in Saharsa and it's adjoining district of Bihar.[20] While most Yadavs were small scale peasants in North and Central India, a small number of them acquired land in newly reclaimed area of Eastern Bihar (Purnea and Saharsa) and became big land holders.[21][22]
Titles[change | change source]
The titles generally used by Majhraut and other sub-caste of Ahirs in Bihar are Yadav, Raut, Gope, Ray, Rai, Roy, Mandal, Singh, etc.[23][24][25]
Notable persons[change | change source]
- Rash Bihari Lal Mandal, zamindar of Madhepura and founder of Yadav Mahasabha.[26]
- Kamleshwari Prasad Yadav, a zamindar and politician.[source?]
- Bhupendra Narayan Mandal, a socialist leader.[27]
- Shivnandan Prasad Mandal, a Politician.[28]
- B.P. Mandal, Chief Minister of Bihar and chairman of the Mandal Commission.[29]
Culture[change | change source]
Lorikayan is sung by Ahirs of Bihar, it is a folk song of veer rasa where events from the life of Lorik are described. This is more popular in Bhojpuri, Maithili & Magahi.[30][31]
References[change | change source]
- ↑ Mishra, Shiva Kumar (1998). Educational Ideas and Institutions in Ancient India: From the Earliest Times to 1206 A.D. with Special Reference to Mithilā. Ramanand Vidya Bhawan. ISBN 978-81-85205-71-7.
- ↑ The National Geographical Journal of India. National Geographical Society of India. 1975.
- ↑ Bihar (India); Choudhury, Pranab Chandra Roy (1957). Bihar District Gazetteers: Bhagalpur. Superintendent, Secretariat Press, Bihar.
- ↑ Singh, Rana P. B. (1977). Clan Settlements in the Saran Plain (Middle Ganga Valley): A Study in Cultural Geography. National Geographical Society of India, Banaras Hindu University.
- ↑ Bihar (India); Choudhury, Pranab Chandra Roy (1962). Bihar District Gazetteers: Hazaribagh. Superintendent, Secretariat Press, Bihar.
- ↑ Siddiqui, M. K. A. (1993). Inter-caste and Inter-community Relationship: Developing Patterns. Commonwealth Publishers. ISBN 978-81-7169-260-6.
- ↑ Hunter, William Wilson (1877). A Statistical Account of Bengal. Trübner & Company.
- ↑ Hunter, Sir William Wilson (1976). A Statistical Account of Bengal: Districts of Bhágalpur and the Santál Parganás. D. K. Publishing House.
- ↑ Sinhā, Mīnākshī (1993). Mithilā ke Yādava (in Hindi). Mahārājā Lakshmīśvara Siṃha Risarca Sosāiṭī.
- ↑ Barik, Radhakanta (2006). Land and Caste Politics in Bihar. Shipra Publications. ISBN 978-81-7541-305-4.
- ↑ Singh, K. S. (1992). People of India: India's communities. Anthropological Survey of India. ISBN 978-81-85579-09-2.
- ↑ Bihar men samajik parivartan ke kuchh ayam (in Hindi). Vani Prakashan. 2001. ISBN 978-81-7055-755-5.
- ↑ Caudharī, Abhayakānta (1977). Aṅgikā sāhitya kā itihāsa (in Hindi). Śekhara Prakāśana.
- ↑ Sharma, R. S. (1992). A Comprehensive History of India: A.D. 985-1206. People's Publishing House. ISBN 978-81-7007-121-1.
- ↑ Department, Bengal (India) Revenue (1909). Report on the Administration of the Wards, Attached and Trust Estates.
- ↑ "A village that symbolises Bihar". www.rediff.com. Retrieved 2022-04-04.
- ↑ Jha, Shashi Shekhar (1972). Political Elite in Bihar. Vora.
- ↑ Singh, Santosh (2015-10-09). Ruled or Misruled: Story and Destiny of Bihar. Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN 978-93-85436-42-0.
- ↑ Narayan, Jayaprakash (2000). Jayaprakash Narayan: 1946-1948. Manohar. ISBN 978-81-7304-518-9.
- ↑ Singh, K. S. (2008). People of India: Bihar (2 pts.). Anthropological Survey of India. ISBN 978-81-85579-09-2.
- ↑ Singh, Kumar Suresh (1998). India's Communities: H - M. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-563354-2.
While most Yadavs were small scale peasants in North and Central India, a small number of them acquired land in newly reclaimed area of Eastern Bihar (Purnea and Saharsa) and became big land holders
- ↑ Gajrani, S. (2004). History, Religion and Culture of India. Gyan Publishing House. ISBN 978-81-8205-063-1.
- ↑ Singh, K. S. (2008). People of India: Bihar (2 pts.). Anthropological Survey of India. ISBN 978-81-85579-09-2.
- ↑ Singh, Kumar Suresh (2008). People of India: Bihar, including Jharkhand (2 pts). Anthropological Survey of India. ISBN 978-81-7046-303-0.
- ↑ Singh, Santosh (2015-10-09). Ruled or Misruled: Story and Destiny of Bihar. Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN 978-93-85436-42-0.
- ↑ "समाज-सुधारक रास बिहारी लाल मंडल के सारे विचार आज भी प्रासंगिक हैं- डॉ.मधेपुरी | Madhepura Abtak Online News Portal of Madhepura District Bihar". www.madhepuraabtak.com. 26 August 2020. Retrieved 2023-01-30.
- ↑ Sabha, India Parliament Lok (1962). Parliament of India, Third Lok Sabha: Who's who 1962. Lok Sabha Secretariat.
- ↑ "शिवनंदन प्रसाद मंडल : साधना एवं संघर्ष विषयक व्याख्यान आयोजित - Madhepura live News-मधेपुरा लाइव न्यूज़". www.madhepuralivenews.com. Archived from the original on 2023-01-30. Retrieved 2023-01-30.
- ↑ Maheshwari, Shriram (1991). The Mandal Commission and Mandalisation: A Critique. Concept Publishing Company. ISBN 978-81-7022-338-2.
- ↑ Bihar (India); Choudhury, Pranab Chandra Roy (1965). Bihar District Gazetteers: Saharsa. Superintendent, Secretariat Press, Bihar.
- ↑ Experts, Arihant (2019-11-19). Know Your State Bihar. Arihant Publications India limited. ISBN 978-93-131-9975-5.