Point Hicks
Point Hicks, once called Cape Everard, is a coastal headland on the east coast of Victoria, Australia. It is now a part of the Croajingolong National Park.
Name
[change | change source]Point Hicks is where, on 19 April 1770, the continent of Australia was first sighted by the men on Captain Cook's Endeavour voyage. Cook wrote that it was Lieutenant Zachary Hickes who first saw land, and Cook named the point after him.[1] Hickes spelt his name with an "e", Cook wrote both Hicks and Hickes in different places. The spelling Hicks is now in use for the point.
When George Bass sailed past the area at the end of 1797 he did not locate the point.[2] It did not appear on the charts Matthew Flinders made of their voyages, and the name fell into disuse.
The point came to be known as Cape Everard. The first use of that name is said to be by hydrographer John Lort Stokes who surveyed the coast in the Beagle in 1843. It is thought he named it after fellow naval officer John Everard Home, but his maps do not use the name.
The first map showing Cape Everard was by surveyor George Douglas Smythe, made in 1852 and published in 1853. If he thought of the name, he may have named it after William Everard, commissioner of crown lands.
The name Cape Everard was used until 1970. There has been doubt and arguments about exactly what Cook saw. The actual latitude and longitude he gave (38°0′S 148°53′E / 38.000°S 148.883°E) is a location many miles out to sea.
Point Hicks was renamed as part of Cook's bicentenary. Victorian Premier Henry Bolte announced the new name in a ceremony at the point on 20 April 1970 (this was the 200th anniversary; Cook's 19 April was by nautical time, i.e. not adjusted for the International Date Line).
Lighthouse
[change | change source]A lighthouse was built on the point in 1887/8 and started operation in 1890. It was built from concrete and with wooden lighthouse keepers houses. It was connected to mains electricity in 1965, and then to solar power recently.[3] The keepers' cottages are today used as holiday houses.[4] With 37 metres of height it is the tallest lighthouse on Australia's mainland.[5] Its light is a double white flash every ten seconds, from a height of 56 metres above sea level.
Related pages
[change | change source]- Point Hicks Marine Park is the waters off Point Hicks
References
[change | change source]- A Beacon on the Wilderness Coast: The Story of Point Hicks (Cape Everard) Archived 2008-08-01 at the Wayback Machine by Robert Haldane
- Point Hicks page Archived 2007-10-01 at the Wayback Machine at Geoscience Australia
- ↑ Captain Cook's Journal During the First Voyage Round the World at Project Gutenberg
- ↑ A Voyage to Terra Australis by Matthew Flinders at Project Gutenberg
- ↑ "The Point Hicks Lighthouse". Lighthouses of Australia. Archived from the original on 2006-02-20. Retrieved 2006-03-21.
- ↑ "Point Hicks lighthouse cottages page". Archived from the original on 2006-08-13. Retrieved 2006-07-03.
- ↑ Rowlett, Russ. "The Lighthouse Directory". Archived from the original on May 21, 2008. Retrieved July 23, 2008.
Other websites
[change | change source]- Point Hicks lighthouse Archived 2005-12-27 at the Wayback Machine at Parks Victoria