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Ta Mok

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Ta Mok
Born1924–March 1926
Takéo, Cambodia, French Indochina
Died21 July 2006(2006-07-21) (aged 81–82)
Phnom Penh, Cambodia
OccupationMilitary chief - soldier
Political partyCommunist Party of Kampuchea

Ta Mok (Khmer: តាម៉ុក; 1924–March 1926 – 21 July 2006) was a Cambodian military officer and soldier. He was one of the most important members of the Khmer Rouge. They were the group that caused the Cambodian genocide from 1975 to 1979. Ta Mok became known as the "Butcher" because of the mass murders he caused during the Cambodian genocide. He was arrested in 1999 and died in 2006 while waiting for a trial for crimes against humanity.

Early life

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Ta Mok was born to a fairly wealthy family in the village of Pra Keep in the district of Takéo. He had Chinese heritage.[1][2] It is not known when he was born. Sources put his birth from 1924 to March 1926. His real name is also not known. Sources vary and say it is Ung Choeun, Chhit Choeun, or Ek Choeun.[1] He became a Buddhist monk in the 1930s but left when he was 16.[3]

Career

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Ta Mok was against the French and Japanese rule over Cambodia in the 1940s. In 1952, he joined Khmer Issarak, a political party for people who were against French colonialism. He then joined the Communist Party of Kampuchea, whose members were called the Khmer Rouge.[4] By the late-1960s, Ta Mok had become very powerful in the party. Pol Pot, the leader of the Khmer Rouge, chose for Ta Mok to become the leader of the army for Democratic Kampuchea.[5]

In 1973, Ta Mok had captured parts of Cambodia during the Cambodian civil war. In March 1974, he and Ke Pauk had 20,000 civilians murdered or enslaved after capturing Oudong, a large city in Cambodia. On 17 April 1975, the Khmer Rouge fully captured Cambodia and the Cambodian genocide began.[6] Ta Mok earned the nickname "Butcher" because of the mass executions he ordered during the Cambodian genocide. For example, he once ordered 30,000 people to be killed in the district of Angkor Chey.[7]

In December 1978, Vietnam invaded Cambodia due to the Cambodian genocide. In January 1979, the Khmer Rouge's rule was ended and the genocide ended.[8] However, Ta Mok kept fighting. He led many guerillas (small groups that fight against a government's army) against the new Cambodian government. In the early-1980s, he lost his leg in a landmine.[9]

In 1997, the Khmer Rouge split into two groups because of political disagreements. Ta Mok led one group while Pol Pot led the other. Ta Mok arrested Pol Pot and put him under house arrest because he was scared that Pol Pot may execute him.[7][10] This was because Pol Pot ordered the execution of another important Khmer Rouge member, Son Sen, in June.[10] Pol Pot died on 15 April 1998. Ta Mok said, "It is good that Pol Pot is dead. I feel no sorrow," and, "I hope he suffers after death."[11]

Imprisonment and death

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On 6 March 1999, Ta Mok was arrested by the Royal Cambodian Armed Forces.[12] In February 2002, he was charged with crimes against humanity. Ta Mok was kept in solitary confinement. He only left for hospital visits because of respiratory (lung) problems. On 21 July 2006, Ta Mok went into a coma and died of heart issues because of how stressed he was over the trial.[13][14]

Since his death in 2006, Ta Mok's house has become a small tourist site.[15]

References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Aglionby, John (2006-07-21). "Ta Mok". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2025-01-14.
  2. ↑ Jurisdictional and Definitional Issues Jurisdictional and Definitional Issues Archived 6 November 2018 at the Wayback Machine, Bora Touch, Khmer Institute
  3. ↑ Lamb, David (21 July 2006). "Ta Mok, 80; Key Figure in Cambodian Genocide". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on 12 August 2010. Retrieved 2025-01-14.
  4. ↑ Harris, Ian (2005). Cambodian Buddhism: History and Practice. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. p. 161. ISBN 0-8248-2765-1.
  5. ↑ "Profile:Ta Mok". Trial. Archived from the original on 7 December 2013. Retrieved 3 December 2013.
  6. ↑ "Biography of a mass murderer". The Phnom Penh Post. 2006-07-28. Retrieved 2025-01-14.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 "Obituary: Ta Mok". 2006-07-21. Retrieved 2025-01-14.
  8. ↑ Canada, Asia Pacific Foundation of. "The Rise and Fall of the Khmer Rouge Regime". Asia Pacific Curriculum. Retrieved 2025-01-14.
  9. ↑ Press, The Associated (2006-07-21). "Ta Mok, Khmer Rouge Head Facing Genocide Trial, Dies". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2025-01-14.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Short, Philip (2005). Pol Pot: The History of a Nightmare (Paperback ed.). London: Murray. pp. 441–442. ISBN 978-0-7195-6569-4.
  11. ↑ Thayer, Nate (1998-04-30). "POL POT LAST DAY". Far Eastern Economic Review.
  12. ↑ "Cambodia Says It Captured Last Fugitive Leader of Khmer Rouge". The New York Times. 1999-03-07. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2025-01-14.
  13. ↑ "Khmer Rouge 'butcher' Ta Mok dies". BBC News. 21 July 2006. Archived from the original on 22 December 2009. Retrieved 2025-01-14.
  14. ↑ "Top Khmer Rouge leader 'in coma'". BBC News. 15 July 2006. Archived from the original on 4 November 2012. Retrieved 2025-01-14.
  15. ↑ "Home of notorious Khmer Rouge commander attracts few tourists". Radio Free Asia. Archived from the original on 2024-10-09. Retrieved 2025-01-14.
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