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Tallinn

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Coordinates: 59°26′14″N 24°44′43″E / 59.43722°N 24.74528°E / 59.43722; 24.74528
This article is about a World Heritage Site
From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Tallinn
Flag of Tallinn, blue and white stripes.
Flag
Greater coat of arms of Tallinn.
Coat of arms
Tallinn is located in Estonia
Tallinn
Tallinn
Location of Tallinn within Estonia
Coordinates: 59°26′14″N 24°44′43″E / 59.43722°N 24.74528°E / 59.43722; 24.74528
CountryEstonia
CountyHarju County
First appeared on map1154
Government
 • MayorMihhail Kõlvart (Centre Party)
Area
 • Total159.2 km2 (61.5 sq mi)
Elevation
40 m (130 ft)
Population
 (1 August 2012)
 • Total416,993
 • Density2,600/km2 (6,800/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+2 (EET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+3 (EEST)
Websitehttp://www.tallinn.ee/

Tallinn is the capital of Estonia. It is on the north-eastern coast of Estonia and borders the Gulf of Finland. The city is next to many lakes. The largest of these lakes is called Lake Ülemiste, and most Tallinnites get their drinking water from this lake.

Tallinn's Old Town, which is the historic town center, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.[1][2]

History

[change | change source]

Tallinn first appeared on a map in 1154, when the cartographer Muhammad al-Idrisi, calling the city Qlwn, added it to his map of the world.[3] After being conquered by the Danes, the city was known as Reval until Estonia became an independent nation in the 1920s.

In 1285, the city became a part of the Hanseatic League. As a result, in the Middle Ages Tallinn was an important stop on the trade routes between Europe and Russia.[3] During its history Estonia has been ruled at times by Sweden and by Russia. It became independent in 1918 after World War I, but after World War II it was ruled by the USSR. In March 1944 Tallinn was bombed by Soviet Air Force, killing 436 civilians and totally destroying 5073 buildings. Since 1991, Tallinn has been the capital of an independent Estonia.

Today more than 400,000 people live in Tallinn, which is one third of the population of Estonia. It is a big sea port. Its food and textile industries are important. The town has many pretty, old buildings.

Climate

[change | change source]

The chart below shows the climate of Tallinn.

Climate data for Tallinn, Estonia (1981–2010)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 9.2
(48.6) 		10.2
(50.4) 		15.9
(60.6) 		27.2
(81.0) 		29.4
(84.9) 		30.7
(87.3) 		34.3
(93.7) 		34.2
(93.6) 		28.0
(82.4) 		21.8
(71.2) 		12.1
(53.8) 		10.7
(51.3) 		34.3
(93.7)
Average high °C (°F) −1.0
(30.2) 		−1.6
(29.1) 		2.3
(36.1) 		9.2
(48.6) 		15.3
(59.5) 		18.9
(66.0) 		21.9
(71.4) 		20.4
(68.7) 		15.2
(59.4) 		9.5
(49.1) 		3.5
(38.3) 		0.4
(32.7) 		9.5
(49.1)
Daily mean °C (°F) −3.3
(26.1) 		−4.3
(24.3) 		−1.0
(30.2) 		4.5
(40.1) 		10.1
(50.2) 		14.1
(57.4) 		17.2
(63.0) 		16.0
(60.8) 		11.3
(52.3) 		6.5
(43.7) 		1.3
(34.3) 		−1.9
(28.6) 		5.9
(42.6)
Average low °C (°F) −5.9
(21.4) 		−7.1
(19.2) 		−4.1
(24.6) 		0.6
(33.1) 		5.2
(41.4) 		9.5
(49.1) 		12.7
(54.9) 		12.0
(53.6) 		7.6
(45.7) 		3.8
(38.8) 		−0.9
(30.4) 		−4.3
(24.3) 		2.4
(36.3)
Record low °C (°F) −31.4
(−24.5) 		−28.7
(−19.7) 		−24.5
(−12.1) 		−12.0
(10.4) 		−5.0
(23.0) 		0.0
(32.0) 		4.0
(39.2) 		2.4
(36.3) 		−4.1
(24.6) 		−10.5
(13.1) 		−18.8
(−1.8) 		−24.3
(−11.7) 		−31.4
(−24.5)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 56
(2.2) 		36
(1.4) 		37
(1.5) 		32
(1.3) 		36
(1.4) 		64
(2.5) 		84
(3.3) 		86
(3.4) 		67
(2.6) 		78
(3.1) 		70
(2.8) 		57
(2.2) 		704
(27.7)
Average rainy days 10 8 9 12 11 13 13 14 17 18 16 12 153
Average snowy days 19 18 13 5 0.4 0 0 0.1 0.1 2 11 18 87
Average relative humidity (%) 88 85 81 73 69 74 76 79 82 85 88 88 81
Mean monthly sunshine hours 25.0 55.7 129.3 202.8 292.9 285.7 307.4 240.7 151.5 87.4 28.6 18.8 1,825.8
Source 1: Estonian Weather Service[4][5][6][7]
Source 2: Pogoda.ru.net (rainy and snowy days)[8]
[change | change source]
  • View of the Old City
    View of the Old City
  • Tower of Fat Margaret
    Tower of Fat Margaret
  • St Nicholas
    St Nicholas
  • Kadriorg Palace
    Kadriorg Palace
  • Lutheran church
    Lutheran church
  • Alexander Nevsky Cathedral
    Alexander Nevsky Cathedral
  • Street in the Old City
    Street in the Old City
  • Victory column
    Victory column
  • St Catherine passage
    St Catherine passage
  • Pikk Hermann
    Pikk Hermann
  • City walls
    City walls

References

[change | change source]
  1. ↑ "Historic Centre (Old Town) of Tallinn". UNESCO.
  2. ↑ "History of Tallinn" (PDF). Official Website of Tallinn. 23 January 2008. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 March 2016. Retrieved 6 August 2012.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Nõlvak, Jaak (2004). "A glance at the history and geology of Tallinn" (PDF). WOGOGOB-2004 Conference Materials. University of Tartu. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-05. Retrieved 2012-08-06.
  4. ↑ "Climate normals-Temperature". Estonian Weather Service. Retrieved 24 September 2016.
  5. ↑ "Climate normals-Precipitation". Estonian Weather Service. Retrieved 24 September 2016.
  6. ↑ "Climate normals-Humidity". Estonian Weather Service. Retrieved 24 September 2016.
  7. ↑ "Climate normals-Sunshine". Estonian Weather Service. Retrieved 24 September 2016.
  8. ↑ "Погода и Климат – Климат Таллина". Pogoda.ru.net. Retrieved 10 December 2018.



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