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User:Immanuelle/Onji Shrine

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Immanuelle/Onji Shrine
Religion
AffiliationShinto
Glossary of Shinto

Onji Shrine [ja] is a shrine in Japan.

It's Shinshi are rabbits and dragons

References

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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Category:Onji shrine.


[[Category:

]]Template:神社

Onji Shrine (Onjijinja/Onjijinja/Onchijinja) is a shrine located in Onji Nakamachi, Yao City, Osaka Prefecture . It is a shrine listed in the Engishiki ( Meishin Taisha ) and is said to be the second shrine of Kawachi Province . The shrine's former status was prefectural shrine . The divine messengers are said to be a rabbit and a dragon .

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The current enshrined deities are the following two [1] [2] .

  • Omiketsuhiko-no-Okami (Omiketsuhiko the Wolf)
  • Omiketsuhime the Great Goddess (Omiketsuhime the Wolf)

（記事執筆に使用していない関連文献）

The Engishiki Shinmeicho (list of Shinto deities) [原 1], compiled in the 5th year of the Encho era ( 927 ), lists two enshrined deities. From the records in the " Chronicles of Emperor Montoku in Japan " [原 2] and the " Chronicles of the Three Generations of Japan " [原 3] it is known that the two shrines were "Omikazuchihiko no Mikoto (Omikazuchihiko no Mikoto)" and "Omikazuchihime no Mikoto (Omikazuchihime no Mikoto)." The literal meaning of "Miketsu" is that of a god of food (grain god) [3] [4] [5] . At the present shrine, Omikazuchihiko-no-Mikoto is considered a descendant of Ameno-Koyane-no-Mikoto, and Omikazuchihime-no-Mikoto is considered to be the same as Toyouke-no-Okami (the deity enshrined at the Outer Shrine of Ise Jingu ) [1], and one deity is enshrined in each of the two main buildings. However, in the sixth volume of "Shokeifu," Miketsuhime ( Omikazutsuhime), the wife of Miketsunoomi (Omikazutsuhiko-no-Okami), a descendant of Ame-no-Koyane-no-Mikoto, is said to be a descendant of Ame-no-Hikone-no-Mikoto .

In addition, between the two main halls is the Tenkawa Shrine, a sub-shrine dedicated to Kasugano-kami, which is thought to be the same as Amaterasu Omikami Takaza Shrine (Kasugado Shrine, Kyokoji Temple, Yao City), suggesting a relationship between this shrine and Onchi Shrine [5] . Some theories point out a connection with the Sumiyoshi deity, based on the fact that there was a Shinto ritual in which the deity would be paraded around Sumiyoshi Taisha Shrine until the Edo period and that a description of the deity can be found in the Sumiyoshi Taisha Jindaiki [4] [6] [5] .

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Founded

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According to the shrine's legend, when it was rebuilt by the Fujiwara clan during the Tenpyo-Hoji era ( 757-765 ) of the Nara period, Ameno-Koyane- no -Mikoto, the clan deity of the Fujiwara clan, was enshrined there and a shrine was built as a sub-shrine. It was moved to Hiraoka Shrine and then to Kasuga Taisha Shrine during the Hōki era ( 770-781 ), and the shrine is therefore positioned as the "Moto-Kasuga" [2] . However, historical research suggests that this legend arose after the Middle Ages when the Daito family of the Kasuga Shrine became the Onchi Shrine family. [4] [5]

The date of its founding is unknown. [7] According to the shrine's legend ("Onji Daimyojin Engi"), when Empress Jingu was conquering the Three Kingdoms of Korea, the Sumiyoshi deity Onji appeared and protected her, and so Onji was given the seven villages of Takayasu as a gift. [7] [4] The current shrine claims that it was founded around the 14th year of Emperor Yuryaku's reign . [2]

Brief history

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Ancient

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年 枚岡神 恩智神
836年 従三位勲三等

→正三位勲三等

839年 正三位勲三等

→従二位勲三等

850年 正三位
856年 従一位
859年 従一位勲三等

→正一位勲三等

正三位勲六等

→従二位勲六等

860年
神名帳 名神大 名神大
一宮制 一宮 （伝）二宮
The Divine rank [en] of the Main Gods of Kawachi
Year Hiraoka God God of Wisdom
S.836 Junior Third Rank, Order of the Third Class



</br> → Third Rank, Order of the Third Class
S.839 Third Rank, Order of the Third Class



</br> → Junior Second Rank, Order of the Third Class
850 Senior Third Rank
S.856 Junior First Rank
S.859 Junior First Rank, Order of the Sacred Treasure, Third Class



</br> → First Rank, Order of the Sacred Treasure, Third Class 		Third Rank, Order of the 6th Class



</br> → Junior Second Rank, Order of the Sacred Treasure, 6th Class
S.860
Divine Name List Meishin University Meishin University
Ichinomiya System Ichinomiya (Translated by Ninomiya)

The documentary finding is found in the Koki, compiled around 738 and cited in the Ritsuryoshukai [原 4], which stipulates that offerings for the Ainamesai ceremony should be entrusted to the deities. [4] [6]

According to the Shinsho Kakuchokufusho (New Text of the [原 5] Court), dated 806, a total of 37 households were assigned to the " Onchijin " (God of Wisdom) in 766 : 9 households from Kawachi Province, 7 households from Tamba Province, 10 households from Harima Province, and 11 households from Mimasaka Province . [4] [6] The Shinsen Shojiroku, Kawachi Province, Shinbei section, contains a record of "Onchi Shinto priest" [原 6], but this Onchi clan is believed to have been a worshipping clan ("Shinto priest" is a kabane, a term derived from a job title), and the Shoku Nihongi, Shogo Keiun 2nd year ( 768 ) entry [原 7] also contains a record of "Onchi Shinto priest Hiroto" who was a Mimasaka no Jō [4] [6] [8] .

Before being moved to its current location, it was said to have been enshrined in Tenno-no-Mori [ja] (present-day Otabisho ) in the west. However, the same place is known as an archaeological site (Onchi ruins) dating back to the middle of the Yayoi period, and a connection to the founding of Onchi Shrine has been pointed out. [4] [6] [5] It is unclear when the shrine was moved to its current location, but according to legend it was around the beginning of the Nanboku-cho period, as will be described later. [4] [5]

The national history records that the Divine ranks [en] of "Onchi Omikazutsuhiko no Mikoto (Onchi Omikazutsuhiko no Mikoto)" and "Onchi Omikazutsuhime no Mikoto (Onchi Omikazutsuhime no Mikoto)" were elevated to Senior Third Rank in the third year of the Kasho era ( 850 ) [原 2] and to Junior Second Rank, Sixth Class in the third year of the Ten'an era ( 859 ) [原 3] [4] [6] . In the first year of the Jōgan era ( 859 ) [原 8] envoys were sent to this shrine along with 44 other shrines to offer prayers for protection from wind and rain [4] [6] .

The Engishiki Shinmei-cho ( list of deities ) [原 1] compiled in 927, stipulates that in Takayasu County, Kawachi Province, there are two Onchi Shrines, Myojin Taisha (Great Shrines of Great Gods), Tsukimi-no-Ainame-sai (Festival of the Gods), and Niiname-sai (Festival of the Gods), which are to be ranked as Myojin Taisha (Great Shrines of Great Gods) and to receive offerings at the Imperial Court's Tsukinami-no-matsuri [ja; simple; en:draft] (Festival of the Gods), Ainame Festival [ja; simple] (Festival of the Gods), and Niiname-sai (Festival of the Gods [4] [6] . In addition, among the temporary festivals in the Engishiki, the Rain-Praying Festival section [原 9] lists two Onchi Shrines among the 85 rain-praying festivals, while the Meishin Festival section [原 10] lists two Onchi Shrines among the 285 Meishin Festivals. [6] Additionally, the Engishiki, Section 2 of the Four Seasonal Festivals [原 11], stipulates the offerings for the two Onchi Shrines. [6]

Middle Ages and Early Modern Periods

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According to the Honcho Seiki and Nihon Kiryaku books, offerings were made to the shrine in 939 (the second year of Tenkei era ) [原 12], 963 (the third year of Owa era) [原 13], and 994 (the fifth year of Shoreki [原 14] due to severe weather and epidemics. [4] [6] In addition, in the first year of the Kannin era ( 1017 ) [原 15], Hiraoka Shrine and this shrine were selected from Kawachi Province to make a great offering to the emperor when he ascended to the throne, and in the second year of the Tennin era ( 1109 ) [原 16] the once-in-a-lifetime divine messenger was sent only to this shrine in Kawachi Province [4] [6] . In the "Order for Annual Taxes from the Shrines " dated June 1165, the first year of the Eiman era, the shrine is listed alongside the Hiraoka Shrine and the Yuge Shrine as " 鳥羽院女房右門子孫伝領云々 Emperor Toba, Uemon." [4] [6]

In the Middle Ages, in 1409 (the 16th year of the Oei era ) [原 17], an envoy was sent to a powerful shrine that was suspected of causing hauntings, and this shrine was discovered there [6] . During the New Year's celebration at Kanshinji Temple in 1551, it appears that Onji Daimyojin was enshrined after Hiraoka Daimyojin in Kawachi Province. [6]

In addition, it is generally said that Onji Shrine was ranked second to Hiraoka Shrine in Kawachi Province, but there is no reliable historical evidence to show that Onji Shrine was the second shrine in the Middle Ages. [9]

Modern and later

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After the Meiji Restoration, in 1873 ( Meiji 6), it was ranked as a village shrine under the modern shrine ranking system, and in 1912 ( Taisho 1), it was promoted to a prefectural shrine . [3] [4]

During the Meiji separation of Shinto and Buddhism, the shrine temple, Tenkawayama Jinguji Kan'on- in, was separated, and in 1871 the Kannon Hall in the grounds of Onchi Shrine was moved to the grounds of Kan'on-in [4] .

According to the shrine's history (document dated 1675 ), when Onchi Sakon, who served under Kusunoki Masashige in the early Nanboku-cho period, built Onchi Castle, the castle came to look down on the shrine, so the shrine was moved from its former location ( Tenno-no-Mori [ja] ) to its current location [4] [6] [5] . It is also said that during the Sengoku period, the shrine building was burned down in an arson attack during the time of Oda Nobunaga . [6]

God Tier

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Temple grounds

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本殿
頓宮の「天王の杜」
（大阪府指定史跡）

Furthermore, until the Meiji period, our company was in charge of Sarugaku at Kasuga Taisha Shrine in Nara .

Among the main shrine buildings, the main hall consists of two buildings, both of which are gabled in the Oji style. [4] The exact date of construction is unknown, but it is believed to have been around 1756. [ [4] Facing the shrine, Omikazuchihiko is enshrined in the right hall, and Omikazuchihime is enshrined in the left hall, with the branch shrine of Tenkawa Shrine located between the two halls. In addition, both halls are surrounded by stone fences and lattice walls, and middle gates are set up in front of each hall. [4] In front of both middle gates there is a worship hall (rebuilt in 2000 [10] ), and behind the main hall there is an ancient tomb with an open horizontal stone chamber [4] . A torii gate has been erected along the Higashi-Koyasan Kaido road at the foot of the mountain. [6]  

Sub-shrines

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春日神社

There are 13 subsidiary shrines in total, including 1 subsidiary shrine (a shrine within the precincts) and 12 subsidiary shrines (11 within the precincts and 1 outside the precincts) [10] .

About 800 meters west of the shrine grounds, Tenno-no-Mori [ja] (Onchi Nakamachi 3-chome, 北緯34度36分28.48秒 東経135度37分48.72秒 ), where the current shrine (tonmiya) is located, is said to be the former site of Onchi Shrine. Currently, the shrine is home to the Yasaka Shrine (Gozu Tenno Shrine), a branch shrine outside the precincts, and the name "Tenno" comes from this shrine. [4] The area is known for its archaeological sites dating back to the Jomon period, and in particular the remains of a settlement dating back to the middle Yayoi period . [11] The ruins themselves extend over an area of 1.2 kilometers from north to south and 1.0 kilometers from east to west, of which a 20-meter-wide area centered on Tenno-no-Mori [ja] (Tenno Forest) measuring 50 meters from east to west and known as the Onchi Ruins, has been designated as a historic site by Osaka Prefecture. [11] In addition, bronze bells are also known to have been excavated north of Onji Shrine. [5]

Affiliated shrines

Sub-shrine

恩智神社で年間に行われる祭事の一覧[12]。

Cultural Assets

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Cultural property designated by Osaka Prefecture

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  • Historic sites

Yao City designated cultural property

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history

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天川山神宮寺感応院

location

Traffic access

neighborhood

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Footnotes

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 『延喜式』巻9（神名上）河内国高安郡条。
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 『日本文徳天皇実録』嘉祥3年（850年）10月辛亥（7日）条（神道・神社史料集成参照）。
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 『日本三代実録』貞観元年（859年）正月27日条（神道・神社史料集成参照）。
  4. ↑ 『令集解』巻7（神祇令）仲冬条 上卯相嘗祭（神道・神社史料集成参照）。
  5. ↑ 『新抄格勅符抄』巻10（神事諸家封戸）大同元年（806年）牒。
  6. ↑ 『新撰姓氏録』河内国神別 恩智神主条。 - [[[:Template:NDLDC]] 『群書類従 第十六輯』]（国立国会図書館デジタルコレクション）95コマ参照。
  7. ↑ 『続日本紀』神護景雲2年（768年）11月壬申（2日）条。
  8. ↑ 『日本三代実録』貞観元年（859年）9月8日条（神道・神社史料集成参照）。
  9. ↑ 『延喜式』巻3（臨時祭）祈雨神祭条。
  10. ↑ 『延喜式』巻3（臨時祭）名神祭条。
  11. ↑ 『延喜式』巻2（四時祭下）十一月祭 恩智社二座条。
  12. ↑ 『本朝世紀』天慶2年（939年）7月8日条。 - [[[:Template:NDLDC]] 『国史大系 第8巻』]（国立国会図書館デジタルコレクション）28コマ参照。
  13. ↑ 『日本紀略』応和3年（963年）7月15日条。 - [[[:Template:NDLDC]] 『国史大系 第5巻』]（国立国会図書館デジタルコレクション）459コマ参照。
  14. ↑ 『本朝世紀』正暦5年（994）4月27日条。 - [[[:Template:NDLDC]] 『国史大系 第8巻』]（国立国会図書館デジタルコレクション）112-113コマ参照。
  15. ↑ 『左経記』寛仁元年（1017年）10月2日条。 - [[[:Template:NDLDC]] 『史料通覧 左経記』]（国立国会図書館デジタルコレクション）29-30コマ参照。
  16. ↑ 『殿暦』天仁2年（1109年）10月29日条。
  17. ↑ 『続左丞抄』所収 応永16年（1409年）12月10日神祇官解。 - [[[:Template:NDLDC]] 『国史大系 第12巻』]（国立国会図書館デジタルコレクション）737-738コマ参照。

References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 神社由緒書。
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 恩智神社 > 由緒（公式サイト）。
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 恩智神社（国史）.
  4. ↑ 4.00 4.01 4.02 4.03 4.04 4.05 4.06 4.07 4.08 4.09 4.10 4.11 4.12 4.13 4.14 4.15 4.16 4.17 4.18 4.19 4.20 4.21 4.22 恩智神社（式内社） 1979.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 恩智神社（神々） 2000.
  6. ↑ 6.00 6.01 6.02 6.03 6.04 6.05 6.06 6.07 6.08 6.09 6.10 6.11 6.12 6.13 6.14 6.15 6.16 6.17 恩智神社（平凡社） 1986.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 明治神社誌料 1912.
  8. ↑ 「恩智神主」『日本古代氏族事典 新装版』 佐伯有清編、雄山閣、2015年。
  9. ↑ 『中世諸国一宮制の基礎的研究』 中世諸国一宮制研究会編、岩田書院、2000年、pp. 49-50。
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 恩智神社 > 境内（公式サイト）。
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 恩智遺跡（八尾市文化財情報システム）。
  12. ↑ 恩智神社 > 行事（公式サイト）。
  13. ↑ 大阪府内指定文化財一覧表（大阪府ホームページ）の八尾市ファイルより。
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[[Category:Myōjin Taisha]] [[Category:Shinto shrines in Osaka Prefecture]] [[Category:Coordinates on Wikidata]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]]

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