User:Immanuelle/Tenmongata
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The Tenmongata (天文方, Astronomy Agency) was a place for studying astronomy run by the Tokugawa shogunate in Edo, Japan (now Tokyo). It is one of the forerunners of today's University of Tokyo.
Overview
[change | change source]In the past, astronomical studies and calendar revisions were done by the Onmyo-no-tsukasa (陰陽寮), set up by Emperor Tenmu in the 7th century. The Tenmongata was created in 1684 when the Tokugawa Shogunate decided to switch from the Senmyō calendar, which had been used for 823 years and had many errors, to the new Jōkyō calendar. The inventor of the calendar, Harumi Shibukawa, became the head of the institute.[1]
The institute also did surveys, map-making, and translated European academic books and papers. The translation department (蛮書和解御用, Bansho Wagegoyo) later became the Bansho Shirabesho, which was a forerunner of humanities studies at the University of Tokyo.[2]
The eighth shogun Yoshimune put a lot of money into this institute to learn European modern science. This brought in many great scholars, books, and equipment. The Kansei Calendar was made by Yoshitoki Takahashi in 1798, which included the elliptical orbits of the sun and moon. His student Tadataka Ino and he made the first detailed modern map of Japan in 1821.[3]
The job of chief astronomer was usually passed down in families, but often, talented astronomers were adopted, making it based on skill.
After the Meiji Restoration, it became one of the main beginnings of science studies at the University of Tokyo.[2]
References
[change | change source]- ↑ "利用案内・情報 ≫ ホットニュース ≫ 2010-06-15 :: 国立科学博物館 National Museum of Nature and Science,Tokyo". www.kahaku.go.jp. Retrieved 2024-03-23.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "東京大学は2027年に創立150周年を迎えます". 東京大学 (in Japanese). Retrieved 2024-03-23.
- ↑ "知の職人たち－南葵文庫に見る江戸のモノづくり－". www.lib.u-tokyo.ac.jp. Retrieved 2024-03-23.
See also
[change | change source]- Abe no Seimei
- Da Liu Ren
- Goryō
- Itako
- Kuji-in
- Onmyōdō
- Sanpaku
- Seimei Shrine
- Senji Ryakketsu
- Shikigami
- Shinigami
- Tengenjutsu (fortune telling)
- Ushi no toki mairi
Footnotes
[change | change source]Notes
[change | change source]References
[change | change source]Further reading
[change | change source]- Murakami, Shūichi, ed. (1981). 日本陰陽道史総説 [A Review of the History of Onmyōdō in Japan] (in Japanese). Hanawa Shobō. ISBN 4827310572.
- Endō, Katsumi (1994). 近世陰陽道史の研究 [Studies in the History of Early Modern Onmyōdō] (in Japanese). Shin Jinbutsu Ōrai Sha. ISBN 4404021569.
- Kosaka, Shinji (2004). 安倍晴明撰『占事略決』と陰陽道 [Abe no Seimei's "Senji Ryakketsu" and Onmyōdō] (in Japanese). Kyūko Shoin. ISBN 9784762941672.
- Saitō, Rei (2007). 王朝時代の陰陽道 [Onmyōdō in the Dynastic Period] (in Japanese). Meicho Kankō Kai. ISBN 978-4839003302.
- Yamashita, Katsuaki (1996). 平安時代の宗教文化と陰陽道 [Religious Culture in the Heian Period and Onmyōdō] (in Japanese). Iwata Shoin. ISBN 4900697656.
- Takahashi, Keiya (2000). 現代・陰陽師入門 [Introduction to Modern Onmyōji] (in Japanese). Asahi Sonorama. ISBN 4257035846.
- Nakamura, Shōhachi (2000). 日本陰陽道書の研究 増補版 [A Study of the Onmyō Books in Japan; Expanded Edition] (in Japanese). Kyūko Shoin. ISBN 4257035846.
- Suzuki, Ikkei (2002). 陰陽道 呪術と鬼神の世界 [Onmyōdō: The World of Spells and Demons] (in Japanese). Kōdansha. ISBN 9784062582445.
- Seimei Shrine, ed. (2002). 安倍晴明公 [The Right Honorable Abe no Seimei] (in Japanese). Kōdansha. ISBN 9784062109833.
- Hayashi, Jun; Koike, Jun'ichi (2002). 陰陽道の講義 [Lecture on Onmyōdō] (in Japanese). Sagano Shoin. ISBN 4782303610.
- Shigeta, Shin'ichi (2005). 平安貴族と陰陽師 [Heian Nobles and Onmyōji] (in Japanese). Yoshikawa Kōbun Kan. ISBN 4642079424.
- Hayashi, Jun (2005). 近世陰陽道の研究 [A Study of Early Modern Onmyōdō] (in Japanese). Yoshikawa Kōbun Kan. ISBN 4642034072.
- Shigeta, Shin'ichi (2006). 陰陽師 [Onmyōji] (in Japanese). Chūōkōron-Shinsha. ISBN 4121018443.
- Murakami, Shūichi, ed. (2017). 陰陽道叢書 1 古代 [Onmyōdō Series 1: The Ancient Times] (in Japanese). Hanawa Shobō. ISBN 978-4626017970.
- Murakami, Shūichi, ed. (2017). 陰陽道叢書 2 中世 [Onmyōdō Series 2: The Middle Ages] (in Japanese). Hanawa Shobō. ISBN 978-4626017987.
- Murakami, Shūichi, ed. (2017). 陰陽道叢書 3 近世 [Onmyōdō Series 3: The Early Modern Period] (in Japanese). Hanawa Shobō. ISBN 978-4626017994.
- Murakami, Shūichi, ed. (2017). 陰陽道叢書 4 特論 [Onmyōdō Series 4: The Advanced Studies] (in Japanese). Hanawa Shobō. ISBN 978-4626018007.