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Bernadette Suau, born Noulens on 3 in Mirande and died on 8 in Toulouse, is a French archivist and historian .

She was deputy director of the Eure departmental archives from 1972 to 1978, director of the Landes departmental archives from 1978 to 1992 and then director of the Haute-Garonne departmental archives from 1992 to 2003.

She is the author or publication director of numerous works relating to history and heritage, of several exhibition catalogues that she has organised in Landes and Haute-Garonne, and of archive registers. She is one of the authors of the History of Contemporary Gascony (1983), and the publication director of the biographical dictionary Mémoire des Landes (1991), as well as one of its main authors. She is a member of several associations and learned societies, including the Archaeological Society of the South of France and the Historical Federation of Midi-Pyrénées, of which she is the general secretary .

Biography

Bernadette Noulens was born on 3 septembre 1942 in Mirande, in the Gers , , , . She is the daughter of a lawyer who is the nephew of the poet and journalist Joseph Noulens (1828-1898) and his wife née Dubecq, originally from Landes and sister of Xavier-Joseph Dubecq . She speaks Occitan and in particular its Gascon dialect .She obtained her baccalaureate and then completed a degree in history at the Faculty of Letters at the University of Toulouse . Wishing to study at the École nationale des chartes, she joined the first class of a preparatory class for the entrance exam to the school at the Pierre-de-Fermat high school in Toulouse , , . She was admitted to the school and obtained the diploma of archivist-paleographer on 6 mai 1971, after having defended a thesis entitled Rodez in the middle of the XV century. century , , , .

Career (1971-2003)

Bernadette Noulens began her career as an archivist the same year, at the National Archives, but only stayed there for a year, intending to pursue a career in the departmental archives services , , . She was appointed deputy director of the Eure departmental archives on1er mars 1972 In this position until 1978, she was involved in the preservation of heritage, held the position of departmental curator of antiquities and works of art and collaborated with the foundation for the preservation of French art . She leads heritage excursions and writes fact sheets on the historical monuments of Eure .

THE1er décembre 1978 Upon taking office, she remodeled the department and its library, enriched the funds through donations, deposits and acquisitions and reorganized the directories, directing the publication of those in series O (1982), X (1984), N (1985), Z (1985), E (1991) and U (1992). She created a photographic service and began reproducing parish and civil status registers from the Landes municipalities, subsequently enabling their digitization and online publication . It organizes exhibitions to reveal to the public the wealth of departmental archives. The first, in 1984, is entitled “ Medieval Mont-de-Marsan ". It presents historical and archaeological documents to the people of Landes and is repeated twice due to its success. The second was made in 1989, the bicentenary of the Revolution . Named " From Lannes to Landes. Birth and life of the department during the Revolution ", it gave rise to the publication of a work under his direction, The Landes department in the revolutionary era. Bibliographic guide and holding of the conference “ The Landes and the Revolution », September 29 septembre- 1989- and 30 septembre 1989 . In this conference and the others that she leads, she calls on historians from the Landes as well as others from all over France. All these activities allow for greater attendance at the departmental archives reading room .

In juin 1980, Bernadette Suau was one of the founding members of the association of Friends of the old churches of Landes. She was its secretary and then its honorary president. She published several studies on religious buildings in the department (notably the Sainte-Marie church in Bostens , the Saint-Jean-Baptiste church in Suzan ), often in collaboration with the religious figure and art historian Jean Cabanot or his partner, the art historian Jean-Pierre Suau. In particular, she published with the latter a book on the stained glass windows of the Landes in 2012 , . As director of the departmental archives, she supported the creation of the Friends of the Landes Archives association (AAL), then, in décembre 1982, of the Landes Research and Safeguarding association (ALDRES). President of the second for several years, she organizes exhibitions and archaeological outings, and directs the publication of an annual bulletin .She is one of the authors of the reference work Histoire de la Gascogne contemporaine, edited by Maurice Bordes and published in 1983. She is the sole editor of the first third of the book, dedicated to the Landes . Dividing her study into two geographical regions, she first describes the north of the department, with its dunes and forests, then the south, centered on Chalosse and its hills. It addresses the contrasts and dualities of the department : between the north and the south, Dax, a dynamic and touristic city, and Mont-de-Marsan, a calm city centered on the prefecture and the army, between the disappearance of sharecroppers and the strengthening of large landowners or between conservatism, embodied by the maintenance of religious influence on the population and the number of elected members of the radical party on the general council of Landes, and progressivism, illustrated by the regular decline in religious practice and the systematic victories of the socialist party in legislative elections. It also discusses the current and past economic activities of the department. : forestry, the Adour forges, the Parentis-en-Born oil field, tourism, thermalism, agriculture and aeronautics, not forgetting cultural activities : sport, learned societies, museums and popular customs , .

In 1985, Philippe Wolff, a medieval historian, member of the Académie des inscriptions et belles-lettres and former professor of Bernadette Suau at the University of Toulouse, offered him the direction of a departmental biographical dictionary . She accepted and put together a team of local historians (including Louis Papy and David Chabas ) with different specialties in order to cover as many characters as possible. It forms an editorial committee, determines the research processes, makes departmental archives funds available to its co-authors and sets up regular summary meetings. This work resulted in the publication in 1991 of Mémoire des Landes, the only biographical reference dictionary concerning the Landes department , . On 346 pages, it includes an introduction, around 600 biographies, 200 of which are unpublished on « people born and died in the department where they accomplished most of their work ; those born and trained in the department but who then distinguished themselves elsewhere ; people who came to settle in the department and who were able to integrate and play a notable role there ", a history of the department (written by Bernadette Suau), a map and lists ( prefects, presidents of the general council, bishops of Aire and Dax ). By his own admission, « Women are the great absentees from this dictionary. » . She was appointed Chief Heritage Curator on1er janvier 1990

After fourteen years in the Landes, she was appointed the1er octobre 1992 She also takes on the role of departmental curator of antiquities and works of art (she therefore carries out inventories of works of art throughout the department ). She was appointed general curator of heritage on 15 janvier 1995 , . To highlight the funds, she made the archives the center of several exhibitions. The first, on the occasion of the 450 ans of the Toulouse parliament in 1994, is called " Five Centuries of Justice ". The second, " At the dawn of a century », the same year, is based on the Labouche postcard collections. The last one, taking place in Saint-Bertrand-de-Comminges (between 14 juin 1997- and 30 septembre 1997 ), is dedicated to the “ Popular cults in Comminges ". They received great success and praise in the regional and national press , Throughout the department, she organizes field trips and requests restorations. It sets up a departmental commission for movable objects . She contributed to the creation of the Clément-Ader museum in Muret . .

She remained head of the departmental archives of Haute-Garonne until 2003, the year in which she asserted her retirement rights , , . Living in Toulouse, she was involved in several associations and learned societies, including the Association of Friends of the Archives of Haute-Garonne, the Archaeological Society of the South of France, of which she was archivist and librarian, and the Historical Federation of Midi-Pyrénées, of which she became the general secretary. In this position, she directed the organization of annual congresses (including those of Tarbes, Sorèze and Cahors ) and the publication of their proceedings , . His latest publication is The Brotherhoods of Penitents in Toulouse (2011), in collaboration with Nicole Andrieu . Suffering from a serious illness, she died in Toulouse on 8 septembre 2013 at the age of 71 ans , , . She is buried in the cemetery of Hinx, in the Landes .

Distinctions

For his involvement in the protection and preservation of heritage, the Foundation for the Preservation of French Art awarded him the Marquise de Maillé Prize in 1971 , , . For her career in the archives and her activity within cultural and scientific associations, she received several decorations ,

• Chevalière de l'ordre des Arts et des Lettres (7 janvier 1981) ;
• Chevalière de l'ordre des Palmes académiques (20 février 1988) ;
• Chevalière de l'ordre national du Mérite (14 mai 2004).

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Bibliography

• "In memoriam Bernadette Suau" (PDF). Lettre des amis des archives de la Haute-Garonne (264): 1-2. 31 décembre 2013. Nécrologie2013. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
• Bernard Lalande (2014). "In memoriam Bernadette Suau (Mirande, 3 septembre 1942 -Toulouse, 8 décembre 2013)". Bulletin AAL-ALDRES (23): 3-6.
• Danièle Neirinck (2019). "Bernadette Suau (1942-2013)". Bibliothèque de l'École des chartes (174): 429-430. JSTOR 45373873.
• [Lalande 2023] Bernard Lalande, « Bernadette Suau (1942-2013), conservateur général du patrimoine », dans Philippe Soussieux, Femmes d'exception dans les Landes, Bayonne, Kilika, 2023, 295 p. (ISBN 979-10-94405-54-3), p. 229-233. 

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