User:Mr. Ibrahem/Pembrolizumab
 | |
| Monoclonal antibody | |
|---|---|
| Type | Whole antibody |
| Source | Humanized (from mouse) |
| Target | PD-1 |
| Clinical data | |
| Trade names | Keytruda |
| Synonyms | MK-3475, lambrolizumab |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
| MedlinePlus | a614048 |
| License data |
|
| Pregnancy category |
|
| Routes of administration | IV |
| Drug class | Antineoplastic agents |
| Legal status | |
| Legal status | |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C6534H10004N1716O2036S46 |
| Molar mass | 146,648.64 g·mol−1 |
Pembrolizumab (formerly lambrolizumab, brand name Keytruda) is a medication used in cancer immunotherapy.[3] This includes to treat melanoma, lung cancer, head and neck cancer, Hodgkin lymphoma, cervical cancer, and stomach cancer.[3] It is given by slow injection into a vein.[3]
Common side effects include tiredness, musculoskeletal pain, decreased appetite, itchy skin, diarrhea, nausea, rash, fever, cough, difficulty breathing, constipation, and abdominal pain.[3] Other side effects include liver problems and kidney problems.[3] Use during pregnancy or breastfeeding is not recommended.[4] It is an IgG4 isotype humanized antibody that blocks a protective mechanism of cancer cells and thereby, allows the immune system to destroy them.[3] It targets the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) receptor of lymphocytes.[3]
Pembrolizumab was approved for medical use in the United States in 2014.[3] In 2017, it was approved for any non removable or metastatic solid tumor with certain genetic anomalies (mismatch repair deficiency or microsatellite instability). It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines as an alternative for nivolumab.[5] In the United Kingdom the typical dose costs 5,260 pounds every three weeks as of 2020.[6] In the United States this amount costs 8,760 USD.[7]
References
[change | change source]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Pembrolizumab (Keytruda) Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. 24 September 2019. Archived from the original on 14 June 2020. Retrieved 10 January 2020.
- ↑ "Keytruda 50 mg powder for concentrate for solution for infusion - Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC)". (emc). 7 April 2020. Archived from the original on 13 December 2017. Retrieved 30 April 2020.
- ↑ 3.00 3.01 3.02 3.03 3.04 3.05 3.06 3.07 3.08 3.09 "Pembrolizumab Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 14 June 2020. Retrieved 15 July 2019.
- ↑ "Pembrolizumab (Keytruda) Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 14 June 2020. Retrieved 19 October 2020.
- ↑ World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/325771. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
- ↑ BNF 79. London: Pharmaceutical Press. March 2020. p. 909. ISBN 978-0857113658.
- ↑ Huang, M; Lou, Y; Pellissier, J; Burke, T; Liu, FX; Xu, R; Velcheti, V (August 2017). "Cost Effectiveness of Pembrolizumab vs. Standard-of-Care Chemotherapy as First-Line Treatment for Metastatic NSCLC that Expresses High Levels of PD-L1 in the United States". PharmacoEconomics. 35 (8): 831–844. doi:10.1007/s40273-017-0527-z. PMID 28620848.