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User:Mr. Ibrahem/Semaglutide

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Mr. Ibrahem/Semaglutide
Clinical data
Trade namesOzempic, Rybelsus, Wegovy, others
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa618008
Pregnancy
category
Routes of
administration		Subcutaneous, by mouth[2]
Drug classGLP-1 agonist[2]
Legal status
Legal status
  • AU: S4 (Prescription only)
  • CA: ℞-only
  • US: ℞-only
  • EU: Rx-only
  • In general: ℞ (Prescription only)
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability89%
MetabolismProteolysis
Elimination half-life1 week
Duration of action63.6 h
ExcretionUrine and faeces
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC187H291N45O59
Molar mass4,113.64 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
  • CCC(C)C(C(=O)NC(C)C(=O)NC(CC1=CNC2=CC=CC=C21)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(C(C)C)C(=O)NC(CCCNC(=N)N)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CCCNC(=N)N)C(=O)NCC(=O)O)NC(=O)C(CC3=CC=CC=C3)NC(=O)C(CCC(=O)O)NC(=O)C(CCCCNC(=O)COCCOCCNC(=O)COCCOCCNC(=O)CCC(C(=O)O)NC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O)NC(=O)C(C)NC(=O)C(C)NC(=O)C(CCC(=O)N)NC(=O)CNC(=O)C(CCC(=O)O)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC4=CC=C(C=C4)O)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC(=O)O)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)C(C(C)O)NC(=O)C(CC5=CC=CC=C5)NC(=O)C(C(C)O)NC(=O)CNC(=O)C(CCC(=O)O)NC(=O)C(C)(C)NC(=O)C(CC6=CN=CN6)N
  • InChI=1S/C187H291N45O59/c1-18-105(10)154(180(282)208-108(13)159(261)216-133(86-114-89-200-119-50-40-39-49-117(114)119)170(272)218-129(82-102(4)5)171(273)228-152(103(6)7)178(280)215-121(53-44-72-199-186(192)193)162(264)201-91-141(242)209-120(52-43-71-198-185(190)191)161(263)204-94-151(257)258)230-172(274)131(83-111-45-33-31-34-46-111)219-167(269)126(64-69-149(253)254)214-166(268)122(51-41-42-70-195-144(245)98-290-79-78-289-76-74-197-145(246)99-291-80-77-288-75-73-196-139(240)66-61-127(183(285)286)211-140(241)54-37-29-27-25-23-21-19-20-22-24-26-28-30-38-55-146(247)248)212-158(260)107(12)206-157(259)106(11)207-165(267)125(60-65-138(189)239)210-142(243)92-202-163(265)123(62-67-147(249)250)213-168(270)128(81-101(2)3)217-169(271)130(85-113-56-58-116(238)59-57-113)220-175(277)135(95-233)223-177(279)137(97-235)224-179(281)153(104(8)9)229-174(276)134(88-150(255)256)221-176(278)136(96-234)225-182(284)156(110(15)237)231-173(275)132(84-112-47-35-32-36-48-112)222-181(283)155(109(14)236)227-143(244)93-203-164(266)124(63-68-148(251)252)226-184(287)187(16,17)232-160(262)118(188)87-115-90-194-100-205-115/h31-36,39-40,45-50,56-59,89-90,100-110,118,120-137,152-156,200,233-238H,18-30,37-38,41-44,51-55,60-88,91-99,188H2,1-17H3,(H2,189,239)(H,194,205)(H,195,245)(H,196,240)(H,197,246)(H,201,264)(H,202,265)(H,203,266)(H,204,263)(H,206,259)(H,207,267)(H,208,282)(H,209,242)(H,210,243)(H,211,241)(H,212,260)(H,213,270)(H,214,268)(H,215,280)(H,216,261)(H,217,271)(H,218,272)(H,219,269)(H,220,277)(H,221,278)(H,222,283)(H,223,279)(H,224,281)(H,225,284)(H,226,287)(H,227,244)(H,228,273)(H,229,276)(H,230,274)(H,231,275)(H,232,262)(H,247,248)(H,249,250)(H,251,252)(H,253,254)(H,255,256)(H,257,258)(H,285,286)(H4,190,191,198)(H4,192,193,199)/t105-,106-,107-,108-,109+,110+,118-,120-,121-,122-,123-,124-,125-,126-,127+,128-,129-,130-,131-,132-,133-,134-,135-,136-,137-,152-,153-,154-,155-,156-/m0/s1
  • Key:DLSWIYLPEUIQAV-CCUURXOWSA-N checkY[pubchem]

Semaglutide, sold under the brand names Ozempic among others, is a medication used to treat type 2 diabetes and obesity.[2] It is less preferred to metformin, though they may be used together.[2][3] It improves blood sugar control, decreases the risk of heart disease, and decreases the risk of kidney problems.[2] It is used by mouth or by injection under the skin.[2]

Common side effects including nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and constipation.[2] Serious side effects may include diabetic ketoacidosis, low blood sugar, and pancreatitis.[3] There are concerns that use during pregnancy may harm the baby and use when breastfeeding is not recommended.[2] It works like human glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and increases insulin release, decreases glucagon release, and slows stomach emptying.[3]

Semaglutide was approved for medical use in the United States in 2017.[2] It was developed by Novo Nordisk.[2] It was the first GLP-1 that can be taken by mouth.[4] In the United Kingdom 2 mg for injection costs the NHS about £73 as of 2020.[3] This amount in the United States costs about 850 USD as of 2021.[5]

References

[change | change source]
  1. ↑ "Semaglutide Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 17 April 2021. Retrieved 16 April 2021.
  2. ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 2.12 "Semaglutide Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 16 January 2021. Retrieved 2 April 2021.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 BNF (80 ed.). BMJ Group and the Pharmaceutical Press. September 2020 – March 2021. p. 738. ISBN 978-0-85711-369-6.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date format (link)
  4. ↑ "FDA approves first oral GLP-1 treatment for type 2 diabetes" (Press release). FDA. 20 September 2019. Archived from the original on 23 September 2019. Retrieved 20 September 2019.
  5. ↑ "Ozempic Prices, Coupons & Savings Tips". GoodRx. Archived from the original on 5 September 2021. Retrieved 16 April 2021.
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