User:Mr. Ibrahem/Cannabis use disorder
| Cannabis use disorder | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Cannabis addictions, marijuana addiction, cannabis abuse, cannabis dependence |
| Video explanation | |
| Medical specialty | Psychiatry |
| Symptoms | Use of cannabis in manner that leads to impairment or distress[1] |
| Usual onset | Late childhood, early adulthood[1] |
| Types | Mild, moderate, severe[1] |
| Causes | Cannabis[2] |
| Risk factors | Smoking tobacco, family history, poverty[1] |
| Differential diagnosis | Nonproblematic cannabis use, health problems due to cannabis[1] |
| Treatment | Counselling (cognitive behavioral therapy, motivational interviewing)[3] |
| Frequency | 1.5% of adults (US)[1] |
Cannabis use disorder (CUD), also known as cannabis addiction, is defined as the use of cannabis in manner that leads to impairment or distress.[1][2] This may involve taking more than was intended, problems decreasing use, use resulting in work or school issues, reducing other activities to use cannabis, and not stopping despite health problems from such use.[1] Other issues may include cannabis withdrawal and tolerance to its effects.[1]
Risk factors include smoking tobacco, family history, and poverty.[1] Reasons given for use include to socially conform, experimentation, enjoyment, and to manage stress.[2] The diagnosis may be supported by testing urine, blood, saliva, or hair for cannabis.[2]
Treatment may involve counselling such as cognitive behavioral therapy and motivational interviewing.[3] Medications, as of 2020, do not have sufficient evidence to support their use.[2] About 7% of people with CUD seek treatment a year; however, despite treatment many continue to use.[4]
In 2018 about 192 million people (3.9% of adults) used cannabis globally.[3] This was more common in North America at 15% and Australia and New Zealand at 11%.[3] Of those who use cannabis daily almost half develop cannabis use disorder.[3] In the United States about 3.4% of older children and 1.5% of adults have cannabis use disorder.[1] Males are more commonly affected than females.[1] Onset is most commonly in late childhood or early adulthood.[1]
References
[change | change source]- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fifth ed.). American Psychiatric Association. 2013. pp. 509. doi:10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596.156852. ISBN 978-0-89042-555-8.
{{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|1=(help) - ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Patel, J; Marwaha, R (January 2020). "Cannabis Use Disorder". StatPearls. PMID 30844158.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 WORLD DRUG REPORT 2020 (SET OF 6 BOOKLETS) (PDF). [S.l.]: UNITED NATIONS. 2020. p. 11, 13, 32. ISBN 978-92-1-148345-1. Archived (PDF) from the original on 29 January 2021. Retrieved 20 February 2021.
- ↑ Brezing, CA; Levin, FR (January 2018). "The Current State of Pharmacological Treatments for Cannabis Use Disorder and Withdrawal". Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology. 43 (1): 173–194. doi:10.1038/npp.2017.212. PMID 28875989.