User:Immanuelle/Yamato no Agoko
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Yamato no Agoko (years of birth and death unknown) was a powerful clan leader of ancient Japan mentioned in the " Nihon Shoki " and other sources. Ancestor of the Yamato no Kuni no Miyatsuko. There is no mention of him in the Kojiki .
He served under Emperor Nintoku , Emperor Richu , and Emperor Yuryaku
Origin
[change | change source]Yamato no Agoko came from the Yamato no Atai clan.
Their Ujigami or clan god is Yamato Okunitama of Ōyamato Shrine[1] Some scholars interpret the kami as being a variant or epithet of Ōmononushi who has much more widespread worship.[2][3]: 22 There is a complex myth about the origins of modern worship of Yamato Okunitama during the reign of Emperor Sujin.[4][5][6][7]
During Jimmu's Eastern Expedition Saonetsuhiko was given the position of governor of Yamato Province by Emperor Jimmu.[8] And Saonetsuhiko became their ancestor.[9]
After the divination, Ichishi no Nagaochi , a descendant of Saonetsuhiko would conduct the rites pertaining to Okunitama, replacing the emaciated Nunaki-iri-hime.[2] Ichishi no Nagaochi would be the ancestor of the Yamato no Kuni no Miyatsuko.[10]
Historical record
[change | change source]By the way, in the twelfth volume of the "Nihon Shoki," Emperor Richu floats a two-pronged boat on Iware City Isoike Pond. [11]
The Yamato military fields and warehouses
[change | change source]Similarly, Volume 11 of the "Shoki" tells the following story:
This is the story of how Agoko remade a giant tree that had washed up on the Oi River into a boat. At this time, Agoko was called "Yamato no Agoko."
The Crown Prince, who was filled with suspicion, became suspicious of Agogo's true intentions and tried to kill him. So Agoko felt humbled and offered his younger sister, Hinohime, as a tribute, and was spared the death penalty. From this time on, Yamato no Agoko began to offer court ladies as tribute. [12]
According to Volume 12 of the "Shoki," Prince Sumiyoshi Nakatsu and Yamato Naokogo were on close terms. Therefore, when Prince Naka rebelled against the Crown Prince, Prince Izahowake (later Emperor Richu), presumably in the year 399, he tried to side with Prince Naka and gathered several hundred elite soldiers at a place called "Kakihami no Kurusu" (said to be Kurusu-go, Oshikai County ) and waited for the Crown Prince. However, when he realized that the Crown Prince's troops were more numerous than he had expected, he changed his attitude.
Driftwood of the Oi River
[change | change source]Another part of the Richū Sokui Chronicle states that the Crown Prince, on his way to Isonokami Shrine , encounters a young girl at the foot of Mt. Asuka and asks her about the safety of the journey.
In the summer of May of the 62nd year (estimated to be 374 AD), the governor of Tōtōmi Province reported, "There is a large tree that flowed from the Ōi River , bending and stopping at the river's curve. Its size is around ten tōdaki (approximately 300 meters). Initially singular, it splits into two at the ends." At that time, Yamato no Ataī Agoko was dispatched to construct a ship from it. Thus, navigating from the Southern Sea, it arrived at Naniwa Port, where it was dedicated as a royal ship.[13]
This episode is about a massive log that had drifted to the Ōigawa River, which Agoko then remade into a ship. At this time, Agoko was referred to as "Yamato no Atai."
Incidentally, in Volume 12 of the "Nihon Shoki," it is mentioned that Emperor Nintoku floated a bifurcated boat (a boat split into two parts) in the Iware Market Isopond.
Prince Sumiyoshi's Rebellion
[change | change source]The fourteenth volume of the "Shoki" tells the story of Emperor Yuryaku, who, in a fit of rage after a hunt at Mimase, killed Otsu no Umakai with the sword, and his mother, Empress Oshisaka no Ōnakatsuhime , presenting the Wa court lady "Hinohime" to settle the matter. This conversation led to the establishment of the Shishihitobe (the branch of the Shishihito clan), and the appointment of three members, including Kashiwadeno no Omi Nagano. In addition, the “Oyamato no Kuni no Miyatsuko Agoko no Sukune” presented Sahonoko Toriwake to the Shishihitobe, and “the Ministers of the Imperial Court, Tomo no Miyatsuko and Kuni no Miyatsuko, followed suit and continued to offer tribute.” [14]
"I hear through the grapevine that an extraordinary event has occurred to the Crown Prince. Preparing soldiers, we stand ready to offer assistance."
As a character in the " Nihon Shoki ," he appears in relatively many places.
Volume 11 of the Nihon Shoki records a dispute over the Yamato military fields and warehouses between Prince Nukata no Onakahiko and the military farm administrator, Ounosukune , which took place after the death of the Emperor in what is believed to be 310 (the 41st year of the reign of Emperor Ojin) and the Imperial Throne was in a state of uncertainty. When Prince Nukata no Oonakahiko unilaterally confiscated his land, Ousukune appealed to Uji no Wakairoko and then to Osazaki no Mikoto (later Emperor Nintoku ), and it was discovered that Agoko, who was currently stationed in Karakuni, knew about the Wa military fields and military storehouses. Following the advice of Ootori-no-Mikoto, Ousukune traveled day and night to Korea with Awaji fishermen and returned with the child's basket.
Akogo testified that the "military farms (屯田) and granaries (屯倉) of Wa" were passed down to Emperor Keikō, who was the crown prince during the reign of Emperor Suinin, saying, "Generally, the military farms (屯田) of Yamato are the military farms (屯田) of the current emperor. Even if one is the son of the emperor, he cannot be in charge unless he is the emperor's son," and that they were under the control of the emperor of the time. This caused Prince Nukata-Onakahiko to reflect on his actions, and the land management issue was resolved in Ousukune's favor.
The Kojiki makes no mention of such circumstances.
Presentation from the Shishitobe
[change | change source]It is said that the Hihime who appears here and Sumiyoshi's younger sister, Hinohime, are the same person, and that there may be some confusion in the legends.
The above description needs to be considered in conjunction with historical facts uncovered by archaeology, which show that the chiefs who became the ancestors of the Izumo no Omi clan in the first half of the 5th century were deeply involved with the Yamato government and engaged in negotiations with the Korean Peninsula. Furthermore, it is necessary to look at the connections with the Awaji Island fishermen group and the relationship with the Nomi no Sukune legend.
Research
[change | change source]A group of fishermen from Awaji Island appears frequently in the aforementioned story; sailors from this group were active when Ousukune went to retrieve the Akoko basket from Korea; and in the legend of Prince Sumiyoshi Nakatsu, "fishermen from Nojima on Awaji" are secretly active, led by Azumi no Muraji Hamako .
Many artifacts indicating connections to the peninsula and Izumo have been excavated from the Kidohara and Uryu ruins on Awaji Island. Jasper rough stones from Kasenyama in Tamayu-cho, Matsue City have been excavated from jade-making sites in the Kinai region, such as the Soga Site, Furu Site, and Nagahara Site. In particular, jade-making sites using Izumo-style stone materials such as jasper and quartz have been found at the Tani Site near Ise, the base of the Yamato no Agoko clan. Outside the Nara Basin, small amounts of remains have been excavated from the Nagahara ruins in Kawachi Province. In addition to Yayoi period ruins, the remains of a jade-making workshop thought to date from the end of the 4th century to the beginning of the 5th century have been discovered along the coasts of Lake Shinji and Lake Nakaumi, and whetstones made from crystalline schist mined in the Yoshino River and Kino River basins in Nara Prefecture were used.
Ichishi no Nagaochi , an ancestor of Yamato no Agoko, appears in the legends of Amenohiboko and is also said to have gone to Izumo to welcome Nomi no Sukune. Nomi no Sukune was famous for his sumo match with Tagima no Kehaya, and according to Kikuchi Teruo, this story is the origin of the rice farming ritual in which the spirits of the earth are calmed by sumo. In this story, the land of Tagima that Nomi no Sukune acquired was located at the point where the Nara Basin emerges from Osaka Bay via Takeuchi Pass , where Sugawara Shrine is located, and it was a strategic transportation hub that also leads to Katsuragi to the south. The nearby Ota ruins are the remains of a settlement from the early Kofun period, and pottery from the San'in region estimated to date to the first half of the 4th century has also been excavated. This suggests that there was evidence of a connection with the San'in region around the "Tagima Path" from the time of Nomi no Sukune.
As described above, the relationship between the Yamato clan troops, the Izumo forces, and the fishermen of Awaji Island in the Agokoro legend conveys some historical fact, and it is highly likely that these were condensed and linked together in one person called Yamato no Agoko.
Family tree
[change | change source]Many clans may be descendants of Furutama no Mikoto. This includes the Owari clan and Yamato no Kuni no Miyatsuko. This is a subject of debate.[15]
- Pink is female.
- Blue is male.
- Grey means other or unknown.
- Clans, families, people groups are in green.
See also
[change | change source]- Yamato Okunitama Shrine
- Kuni no miyatsuko
- Princess Yamato Totohi Momoso
- List of people before the Asuka period
- The Six Prefectures of Wa
- Katsuragi
- Prince Oyamamori
- Ujichi Wakako
- Prince Sumiyoshi
- Azumi Hamako
- Ichishi no Nagaochi
footnote
[change | change source]- ↑ "International Symposium "Perspectives on Japanese history and literature from ancient historical records"". Top Global University Project: Waseda Goes Global. Retrieved 2023-05-04.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Ellwood, Robert S. (1990). "The Sujin Religious Revolution". Japanese Journal of Religious Studies. 17 (2/3): 199–217. doi:10.18874/jjrs.17.2-3.1990.199-217. ISSN 0304-1042. JSTOR 30234018.
- ↑ Hardacre, Helen (2017). Shinto: A History. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-062171-1.
- ↑ D, John (2012-11-10). "Teeuwen on Shinto". Green Shinto. Retrieved 2023-05-04.
- ↑ https://www.japanpolicyforum.jp/pdf/2016/no35/DJweb_35_cul_02.pdf
- ↑ https://freidok.uni-freiburg.de/fedora/objects/freidok:4635/datastreams/FILE1/content
- ↑ "Book V", Nihongi: Chronicles of Japan from the Earliest Times to A.D. 697, Volume 1, retrieved 2023-05-04
- ↑ "Friday: Kojiki (「乞食」ではなく『古事記』ですヨ!!) #26". Japanese Experts Net. Retrieved 2023-05-04.
- ↑ "Saonetsuhiko | 國學院大學デジタルミュージアム". 2023-10-26. Archived from the original on 2023-10-26. Retrieved 2023-12-04.
- ↑ "Page:Nihongi by Aston.djvu/208". en.wikisource.org. Retrieved 2023-10-24.
- ↑ 『日本書紀』履中天皇3年11月6日条
- ↑ 『日本書紀』履中天皇即位前紀条
- ↑ 『日本書紀』仁徳天皇62年5月条
- ↑ 『日本書紀』雄略天皇2年10月6日条
- ↑ web.archive.org https://web.archive.org/web/20160422190938/http://wwr2.ucom.ne.jp/hetoyc15/keihu/amabe/amabe-k2.htm. Retrieved 2023-12-13.
{{cite web}}
: Missing or empty|title=
(help) - ↑ 16.0 16.1 16.2 16.3 Matoshi Suzuki Hyakka Keizu Kou (百家系図稿)
- ↑ 17.0 17.1 17.2 Akima, Toshio (1993). "The Origins of the Grand Shrine of Ise and the Cult of the Sun Goddess Amaterasu Ōmikami". Japan Review. 4 (4): 143. ISSN 0915-0986. JSTOR 25790929.
- ↑ 右京神別地祇部「八木造」条。
- ↑ 19.0 19.1 "Ofune Matsuri – A Unique Festival in Nagano, Japan! - Festivals & Events|COOL JAPAN VIDEOS|A Website With Information About Travel, Culture, Food, History, and Things to Do in Japan". cooljapan-videos.com. Retrieved 2023-12-06.
- ↑ "八坂刀売神(ヤサカトメノカミ". 日本の神様辞典 (Nihon no Kamisama Jiten). Archived from the original on June 25, 2017. Retrieved May 27, 2017.
- ↑ 21.0 21.1 Picken, Stuart D.B. (28 December 2010). Historical Dictionary of Shinto. Scarecrow Press. p. 288. ISBN 978-0810871724.
- ↑ Mizue, Mori (10 May 2005). "Toyotamabime". Encyclopedia of Shinto. Retrieved 2010-09-29.
- ↑ Mizue, Mori (22 April 2005). "Hohodemi". Encyclopedia of Shinto. Retrieved 2010-09-29.
- ↑ 中田憲信「尾張氏」『諸系譜』第二冊。
- ↑ 25.0 25.1 Yasumaro. O, translated by Gustav Heldt. (2014) “Kojiki. An Account of Ancient Matters”. New York: Columbia University Press.
- ↑ 26.0 26.1 Ponsonby, F. (1959) “The Imperial House of Japan.” Kyoto: Ponsonby Memorial Society.
- ↑ Mizue, Mori (12 May 2005). "Ugayafukiaezu". Encyclopedia of Shinto. Retrieved 2010-09-29.
- ↑ 28.0 28.1 "鵜葺草葺不合命" [Ugayafukiaezu]. Kokushi Daijiten (in Japanese). Tokyo: Shogakukan. 2012. OCLC 683276033. Archived from the original on 2007-08-25. Retrieved 2012-12-04.
- ↑ 29.0 29.1 Hoga, Toshio (2006). Tango no Amabe-shi no Shutsuji to sono ichizoku, Kokigi no Heya (丹後の海部氏の出自とその一族). Japan.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ↑ 30.0 30.1 "Encyclopedia of Shinto詳細". 國學院大學デジタルミュージアム (in Japanese). Retrieved 2023-10-27.
- ↑ 31.0 31.1 https://rekihaku.pref.hyogo.lg.jp/wp-content/themes/rekihaku/assets/pdf/harimanokunifudoki/english/chapter_3_5.pdf
- ↑ Norinaga Motoori (2007). The Poetics of Motoori Norinaga: A Hermeneutical Journey. University of Hawaii Press. p. 191. ISBN 978-0-8248-3078-6.
- ↑ "神八井耳命(カムヤイミミノミコト)". nihonsinwa.com (in Japanese). Retrieved 2023-01-17.
- ↑ "Book III", Nihongi: Chronicles of Japan from the Earliest Times to A.D. 697, Volume 1, retrieved 2023-03-09 (called Kami-ya-wi-mimi in this source)
- ↑ 35.0 35.1 Chamberlain, Basil. [SECT. LXV.—EMPEROR SŪ-JIN (PART III: STORY OF OHO-TATA-NE-KO'S BIRTH)] (The Kojiki). Read before the Asiatic Society of Japan on April 12, May 10, and June 21, 1882, reprinted in 1919. p. 219.
His Augustness Oho-tata-ne-ko ... was the ancestor of the Dukes of Miwa and ofuruf the Dukes of Kamo.
- ↑ 右京神別地祇部「八木造」条。
- ↑ Takano, Tomoaki; Uchimura, Hiroaki (2006). History and Festivals of the Aso Shrine. Aso Shrine, Ichinomiya, Aso City.: Aso Shrine.
- ↑ Grapard, Allan G. (2023-04-28). The Protocol of the Gods: A Study of the Kasuga Cult in Japanese History. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-91036-2.
- ↑ Tenri Journal of Religion. Tenri University Press. 1968.
- ↑ 40.0 40.1 40.2 "余曽多本毘売命(ヨソタホビメノミコト)". nihonsinwa.com (in Japanese). Retrieved 2023-01-19.
- ↑ 41.0 41.1 41.2 Ponsonby-Fane, R. A. B. (2016-05-11). "Atsuta Jingu". Studies In Shinto & Shrines (1st ed.). Routledge. ISBN 978-1-138-98322-9.
References
[change | change source]- Complete translation of the Kojiki: Japanese Classics 1, Shogakukan, 1983
- "Nihon Shoki" (vol. 2 and 3), Iwanami Bunko, 1994
- "Nihon Shoki" Complete Modern Japanese Translation (Vol. 1 and 2), Kodansha Academic Library, Translated by Ujitani Takeshi, 1988
Notes
[change | change source]References
[change | change source]Bibliography
[change | change source]Nihon Shoki
[change | change source]See the references under Nihon Shoki for an extended bibliography
- Aston, William George (1896). Nihongi: Chronicles of Japan from the Earliest Times to A.D. 697. Vol. 1. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner (for the Japan Society of London). ISBN 9780524053478. OCLC 448337491., alt-link English translation
- JHTI (2002). "Nihon Shoki". Japanese Historical Text Initiative (JHTI). UC Berkeley. Retrieved 2019-08-23., searchtext resource to retrieve kanbun text vs. English tr. (Aston) in blocs.
- Ujiya, Tsutomu (宇治谷孟) (1988). Nihon shoki (日本書紀). Vol. 上. Kodansha. ISBN 978-0-8021-5058-5., modern Japanese translation.
- Chamberlain, Basil Hall (1919). The Kojiki. Kadokawa. OCLC 1882339. sacred texts
- Takeda, Yukichi (武田祐吉) (1977). Shintei Kojiki (新訂 古事記). Kadokawa. ISBN 4-04-400101-4., annotated Japanese.
Secondary sources
[change | change source]- Brown, Delmer M. and Ichirō Ishida, eds. (1979). Gukanshō: The Future and the Past. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-03460-0; OCLC 251325323
- Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005). Japan encyclopedia. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5; OCLC 58053128
- Ponsonby-Fane, Richard Arthur Brabazon. (1959). The Imperial House of Japan. Kyoto: Ponsonby Memorial Society. OCLC 194887
- Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Nihon Ōdai Ichiran; ou, Annales des empereurs du Japon. Paris: Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. OCLC 5850691
- Varley, H. Paul. (1980). Jinnō Shōtōki: A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-04940-5; OCLC 59145842
External links
[change | change source]