Toyo Province

Toyo Province (豊国, Toyo-no kuni) was an very old province of Japan, in the area of Buzen and Bungo Provinces.^[1] The ancient entity was in what is modern Ōita Prefecture and northeastern Fukuoka Prefecture.^[2] It was divided into Buzen and Bungo in 683. It was sometimes called Hōshū (豊州).

History

The history of the province started and ended before the Taihō Code was established at the beginning of the 8th century.

According to the Nihongi, the Aka clan was established in Toyo during the reign of Emperor Ankan.^[3]

↑ Satow, Ernest. (1874). "The Geography of Japan," Transactions of the Asiatic Society of Japan, Vol. 1-2, p. 35.
↑ Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Buzen" in Japan Encyclopedia, p. 96; "Bungo" at p. 90.
↑ Aston, William.1896). "Ankan Tennō," Nihongi: chronicles of Japan from the earliest times to A.D. 697, Vol. 2, p. 32.

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v t e Provinces of Japan
Kinai	Izumi Kawachi Settsu Yamashiro Yamato Yoshino 716–738
Tōkaidō	Awa Hitachi Iga Ise Izu Kai Kazusa Mikawa Musashi Owari Sagami Shima Shimōsa Suruga Tōtōmi
Tōsandō	Dewa -1869 Hida Iwaki 718–724 Iwaki 1869– Iwase 718–724 Iwashiro 1869– Kōzuke Mino Ōmi Mutsu –1869 Rikuō (or Mutsu) 1869– Rikuchū 1869– Rikuzen 1869– Shimotsuke Shinano Suwa 721–731 Ugo 1869– Uzen 1869–
Hokurikudō	Echigo Echizen Etchū Kaga Noto Sado Wakasa
San'indō	Hōki Inaba Izumo Iwami Oki Tajima Tanba Tango
San'yōdō	Aki Bingo Bitchū Bizen Harima Mimasaka Nagato Suō
Nankaidō	Awa Awaji Iyo Kii Sanuki Tosa
Saikaidō	Bungo Buzen Chikugo Chikuzen Higo Hizen Hyūga Iki Ōsumi Satsuma Tane 702–824 Tsushima
Hokkaidō 1869–	Chishima Hidaka Iburi Ishikari Kitami Kushiro Nemuro Oshima Shiribeshi Teshio Tokachi
Pre-Taihō Code provinces	Chichibu Fusa Hi Keno Kibi Koshi Kumaso Toyo Tsukushi
Source: Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Provinces and prefectures" in Japan Encyclopedia, p. 780, p. 780, at Google Books; excerpt, "Japan's former provinces were converted into prefectures by the Meiji government ... [and] grouped, according to geographic position, into the 'five provinces of the Kinai' and 'seven circuits'."